Foreign Events - September 1923
September 19.—Prime Minister Baldwin and Premier Poincare meet in Paris and exchange views on the general political situation.
The committee on the reduction of armaments of the League of Nations adopt an article providing for the arrangement between two or any larger number of members of the League of treaties for mutual defense, which is intended to facilitate their disarmament. Another, committee interprets Article X of the Covenant to mean that when the Council recommends application of military measures as a result of aggression, or menace of aggression, account will be taken of the geographical situation and special conditions of each State. It will be for the constitutional powers of each member to determine its obligations.
William T. Cosgrave is reelected President of the Executive Council of the Irish Free State, and Michael Hayes, Speaker of the Dail. The Government refuses the request of the Farmers' party, representing the Opposition, to liberate imprisoned Republican members of the Chamber.
A Greek fleet discharges measures of apology for the murder of the Italian members of the Albanian Boundary Commission by firing a salute to an Italian, British and French squadron.
Earthquakes are reported in Persia; Hamilton, Bermuda, and in Eastern Russia.
An attempt to overthrow the Government is reported from northern Bulgaria.
September 20.—Six Communists are reported killed and six wounded in attacks on police in central Bulgaria.
September 21.—After both sides are reported to have suffered heavy losses, Communists are put to flight by police in villages of southern Bulgaria.
King Alfonso signs a decree abolishing the jury system in trials in Spain.
September 22.—The Kingdom of the Hedjaz, otherwise Arabia, applies for membership in the League of Nations.
September 23.—One Spanish and two Swiss balloonists are killed in the annual balloon race for the Gordon Bennett cup, starting at Brussels.
The Communist insurrection in Bulgaria is reported spreading, and an army of Communists is reported marching on Sofia.
Viscount Morley, former Lord President of the Council and Secretary of State for India, and a well-known writer, dies at his home in Wimbledon, England. He was eighty-five years old.
September 24.—Sofia is blockaded, and King Boris has offered to resign, according to a dispatch from Belgrade to London.
Lightning strikes their balloon over Holland, and Lieutenants Olmstead and Shoptow, U. S. A., who were participants in the Gordon Bennett cup race, are killed.
Several Persian villages are reported destroyed, with casualties of 123 dead and about 100 injured, in an earthquake on September 20.
September 25.—Advices received in Belgrade place the casualties to date in the Bulgarian revolution at 20,000. King Boris is reported to have signed a decree of martial law, ready for instant promulgation in case of necessity.
Belgium wins the international balloon race for the Gordon Bennett cup, with Demuyter landing in Sweden, 600 miles from the starting-point. The race cost five lives.
Forty-one miners are missing after a pit in a colliery near Falkirk, Scotland, is flooded.